The main forms of preheaters are cyclone, shaft, and cyclone-shaft compound preheater.
The preheater mainly consists of the cyclone (cylinder, cone, inner cylinder, volute, back mixing cone drop Board), links duct, the discharge pipe and flap valve, sprinkle bins, material clearing holes and temperature and press testing devices.
Rotary kiln, suitable for the process of various industrial materials sintering, roasting, volatilization, calcining, isolation for its strong ability to provide good mixing and effectively heat transferring, has been widely used in metallurgical, concrete, usalite and chemical industrial process.
However, rotary kiln still has some difficult control problems, such as complex mechanism process, high frequency changed production condition, multi-variable, strong coupled, strong nonlinearity, large lag, non-determinism, thus conversional control strategy cannot reach automatic control.
Most of rotary kilns are still under manual control with human operators.
As a result, the operator’s workload is high and the product quality is hard to be kept consistent.
Furthermore, the kiln running rate and yield remains low and energy consumption remains high.
Therefore, it is significant to research automatic control and optimization technology of the rotary kiln sintering process to improve product quality and save energy.
The cement rotary kiln sintering process is a typical distributed parameter system.
The gas temperature distribution and solid temperature distribution correlate each other along rotary kiln aix, which are restricted by the adjusted control variable in different time scale and the process disturbance.
The materials are fed from the feeding port, spreading and hanging in the air immediately.
Heat transference between gas and solid happens immediately in a high speed.
80% heat happens in the connecting pipe, and only less than 20% happens in the cyclone cylinder.
Most parts of the preheater is made by metal, and some parts may be made by heat-resistant steel according to the requirements, and the heat-resistant steel can work under 1000~1100 Celsius degree.
Besides, the design of refractory break is much novel with good seal, which can make sure the materials can reach their required temperature in the preheater.
During the whole process of preheating, materials move from top to bottom, and the hot air moves from the bottom to top.
Full heat transference happens between materials and the hot air, and part of the waste gas will be discharged from the air outlet of cyclone through discharging pipe.
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