What is the best way to clone a Linux partition onto a smaller partition?

What is the best way to clone a Linux partition onto a smaller partition?

I've currently got an 80 GB RAID 0 (yes, I know, that's why I'm changing it...) ext3 Linux device that's about 80% free, and I want to change it to a 40 GB ext4 partition using one of the previous RAID 0 partitions. I've got enough spare space on another large partition for all the files, and the best method I thought of doing the switch is:

Asked by: Guest | Views: 242

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Guest [Entry]

"I would:

resize the filesystem in-place with something like resize2fs -p /dev/<device_name_fs_is_on> 20G
It will undoubtedly refuse to run first time, suggesting that you run fsck first. You can force it to run, but the fsck operation is strongly recommended as trying to resize a filesystem with errors (even minor ones) could lead to disaster. Rerun the resize command once the check is completed
copy it to the other drive with dd if=/dev/<device_name_fs_is_on> of=/path/to/other/location/filesystem.img bs=1048576 count=20480
reformat the disks as needed
copy the filesystem back with dd if=/path/to/other/location/filesystem.img of=/dev/<new_device_name>
resize up to fill the new partition with resize2fs -p /dev/<new_device_name>
mount the newly resized filesystem and edit any relevant config it contains, like /etc/fstab
you will also need to check your grub configuration to make sure it refers to the new root partition name and you may need to rebuild your initrd (though probably not as you are going from RAID to normal not the other way around which causes problems if the initrd is not RAID aware)
cross your fingers and reboot...

As this is your root filesystem, you are going to need to do this from a live CD as you will not be able to resize the filesystem (step 2) while it is mounted.

If you change the 20G passed to resize2fs in step 1, make sure you change the 1048576x20480 passed to dd in step 2 accordingly.

Obviously this is not a risk free operation, so you might want to separately backup important data+configuration on the filesystem by other means before step 3.
For even greater safety: if you have time and a disk to spare, restore the shrunk filesystem to the extra disk, reconfigure appropriately as per steps 6 & 7, and make sure you can boot off that before progressing to step 3. This way you know you have a fully working copy of the filesystem elsewhere before wiping it from the old location, and can easily revert back to the old setup and abort/retry if you discover problems at that stage.

This way you are not going to lose any file/directory/device properties while copying stuff around as you are operating on the filesystem wholesale rather than individual files, dirs and device nodes."